Typical military applications of magnetic sensor technology

With the emergence of theories and technologies such as spintronics, new nanomaterials, and micro-nano processing, sensor technology, especially magnetic sensor technology, has developed rapidly and has become one of the most dependent technologies for information weaponry.

Magnetic sensing is a multiplier for ammunition lethality

Fuze is the trigger ignition device for ammunition, which is an important manifestation of the intelligent level of ammunition. Magnetic fuze is the use of ammunition to capture the target information when the target is close to the target to control the ignition timing. Because it has the natural detection advantage for ferromagnetic targets, it is widely used, mainly in all kinds of anti-armor ammunition, torpedo, mine and other killing. Sexual weapons are used to deal with high-value targets such as tanks and ships.

In recent years, the US Army Research Laboratory has published research results that cause magnetic anomalies at several distances for several common military magnetic targets. The magnetic difference signal caused by a tank at 100 meters has several nT, while the magnetic difference signal at 1000 meters is only a few pT. Therefore, the magnetic transducer's detection capability of the magnetic fuse largely determines its capture distance to the target, especially the intelligent magnetic fuse with the pT-class magnetic sensor, which can greatly increase the target capture distance and increase the fuze response time. In order to achieve a "point" attack on the target area. For example, the US military's "Tao" heavy-duty anti-tank missiles are equipped with intelligent magnetic fuzes that detect the contours of the tank through magnetic fields and precisely control the weakest top of the warhead's attack defense, greatly improving the lethality of the tank.

Magnetic detection is a powerful means of anti-submarine anti-mine

At present, the strategic environment of the Asia-Pacific Ocean is getting worse. Strategic waterways such as the Straits of Malacca, the Bus Straits and the Miyako Strait are highly vulnerable to the blockade of hostile submarines and mines. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the construction of anti-submarine and anti-mineral forces. At present, the technical means of anti-submarine anti-mine is mainly sonar, infrared and magnetic detection. The former two are highly susceptible to interference under complex hydrological conditions in the near-far sea, and magnetic interference detection has strong anti-interference ability. Most of the existing submarines and mines are constructed of steel materials, which spontaneously cause changes in the distribution of the surrounding magnetic field. The high-performance magnetic sensor can sensitively capture this change and make it look like nothing. At present, anti-submarine aircraft, hunting minesweepers and other equipment are equipped with magnetic differential detection systems based on high-performance magnetic sensors. For example, the latest "Poseidon" anti-submarine patrol aircraft of the US Navy is equipped with AN/ASQ508 magnetic heterogeneous detection system, and its minimum detectable magnetic field. About 0.3pT/sqr(Hz) (@1Hz), the distance of the exploration is estimated to be more than 1200 meters, but the weight of the whole system (27 kg) and power consumption (115 watts) is large, only suitable for large platform equipment. In general, there is still a gap in the detection distance between the magnetic detection system and the sonar, but studies have shown that if the magnetic sensor resolution reaches 1fT/sqr(Hz) (@1Hz), then the detection of the submarine The distance will extend to tens of kilometers, which is basically comparable to that of sonar. This will completely break the traditional underwater battlefield and greatly weaken the role of underwater stealth technology.

Magnetic measurement is an important guarantee for the safe operation and application of spacecraft

Magnetic loads are commonly used on existing spacecraft to provide not only the magnetic information required for attitude control, but also to simultaneously monitor the magnetic field to provide critical parameters for space environmental warning. For example, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ACE satellite has a fluxgate sensor with a probe weight of 225 grams, an electronic system weighing 2.1 kilograms, a power consumption of 2.4 watts, and a resolution of less than 6pT (0-10 Hz). The European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA's Cluster satellite group also carry a fluxgate sensor with a probe weight of 700 grams, an electronic system weighing 2.2 kilograms, a power consumption of 2.1 watts, and a resolution of less than 10 pT/sqr (Hz) (@1 Hz). ). In addition, China's "Shenzhou" series of spacecraft also carries high-performance magnetic sensors. It is these magnetic sensors that provide accurate spatial magnetic field information to the spacecraft, providing critical data for attitude control and environmental prediction, effectively ensuring the safety of the spacecraft in orbit.

In addition, geomagnetic navigation, battlefield sensing and other fields also have a large demand for magnetic sensor technology. The measurement of geomagnetic information can be used as an important supplement when there is no satellite navigation signal; the magnetic sensor nodes are distributed in key areas to form a battlefield sensing network, and the movement situation of the enemy units is monitored to obtain the battlefield initiative. Nowadays, the military use of magnetic sensor technology is being developed and utilized one after another, and its value is constantly becoming more prominent.

However, it must also be realized that with the rapid development and large-scale application of miniaturized platforms such as drones and micro-nano satellites, magnetic sensor technology must better address its military value and must address high performance, miniaturization, low power consumption and Four major problems of low cost

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